Model-Based Analysis and Optimisation of Haber-Bosch Process s for Power-to-Ammonia

This book contains a model-based analysis and optimisation of the Haber-Bosch s for power-to-ammonia. The work presented helps to answer which Haber-Bosch is suitable for the flexible operation and production by varying process variables: operational pressure, process feed temperature, process feed composition and feed flow rate. Among several Haber-Bosch possibilities, two synthesis loops and five three-bed autothermal synthesis reactor systems are considered. The synthesis loops vary in terms of ammonia separation unit allocation, i.e. after and before a synthesis reactor system, and the reactor system configurations differ in inter-stage cooling methods. Besides, the operation and production flexibilities, variants are also compared in terms of yield. All the Haber-Bosch s allow operation for a large load range span via multi-variable optimisation and therefore are in principle suitable for power-to-ammonia.