The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

"The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali" is a classical text on yoga attributed to the sage Patanjali, believed to have been composed around the 2nd century BCE to the 4th century CE. It consists of 196 sutras, or aphorisms, that provide insights into the philosophy and practice of yoga. The Yoga Sutras are divided into four chapters: Samadhi Pada (The Chapter on Contemplation): This chapter discusses the nature of yoga, the various types of mental modifications, and the practices leading to samadhi, the state of complete absorption or union. Sadhana Pada (The Chapter on Practice): Sadhana Pada elaborates on the practical aspects of yoga, including the eight limbs (ashtanga) of yoga, known as the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. These limbs are Yama (ethical disciplines), Niyama (observances), Asana (posture), Pranayama (breath control), Pratyahara (withdrawal of the senses), Dharana (concentration), Dhyana (meditation), and Samadhi (absorption). Vibhuti Pada (The Chapter on Powers): Vibhuti Pada discusses the various powers and abilities that arise from the practice of yoga, such as psychic abilities, spiritual experiences, and the attainment of siddhis (perfections). Kaivalya Pada (The Chapter on Liberation): Kaivalya Pada explores the concept of kaivalya, or liberation, which is the ultimate goal of yoga. It describes the state of emancipation from the cycle of birth and death and the realization of the true self (purusha). The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali are considered one of the foundational texts of classical yoga philosophy and are studied and interpreted by practitioners and scholars worldwide. They provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the theory and practice of yoga, as well as guidance for spiritual growth and self-realization.